Why Ownership?

The roots of wealth creation in this country come from owning assets — land, houses and businesses

More than ever, the tremendous wealth generated by the richest country in the world is concentrated in the hands of fewer and fewer people. Layer on top of this the racial wealth gap, especially between Black and White households, and we are in the midst of an existential crisis that we can fairly say, without hyperbole, threatens the very fabric of our democracy.

We see an opportunity to build a different path.

Despite efforts to ensure greater equity, there are countless examples, through history and into current times, where policies have prevented Black households from owning assets both directly and indirectly, and attempts to rectify those policies — redlining, predatory lending, discriminatory housing practices like devaluing homes in Black neighborhoods — have been slow at best and ineffective at worst.

The philanthropic sector, impact investors and policy makers have an opportunity to turn this around with a very simple strategy — making ownership of assets that appreciate in value more accessible, particularly for people of color.

Doing so will dramatically reduce the racial wealth gap.

How Wide is the Racial Wealth Gap?

Across Colorado and beyond, communities of color have disproportionately been denied access ownership pathways

(Chart Source: Bell Policy Center)

• Homeownership
  • Colorado homeownership rates are twice as high for white households compared to Black households — and that gap is widening.
• Business Ownership
  • According to the Center for Financial Household Stability at the Federal Reserve Board of St. Louis, white and Asian Americans hold one third of their assets in business and financial sectors. Latinos and African Americans hold only 15% and 8%, respectively, of their wealth in the form of business ownership.
• Individual Savings & Assets
  • Nationally, as of 2022, 62% of Black and 69% of Latino workers had $0 in retirement assets, and those numbers are similar in Colorado.
• Community Ownership
  • Denver saw more gentrification than any other U.S. metro area except San Francisco between 2013 and 2017. People of color make up 77% of the population in gentrifying neighborhoods. The influx of new money in these communities cuts back on affordable housing and community resources, leading to displacement of residents with low- and moderate-income, the National Community Reinvestment Coalition researchers wrote.

The Ownership Pyramid

Though this work is nascent, we believe we’re on the cusp of catalyzing an ownership movement

Foundations and philanthropic institutions including the likes of Gary Community Ventures and national partners likeWorld Education Services (WES) are at the forefront of supporting innovative capital tools. We have developed a framework that can serve as a compass for other foundations and investors to invest with an ownership lens.

The underlying theses behind this ownership strategy are as follows:

• Low-income families, especially households of color, should have assets on their balance sheet that can appreciate in value. This often, but not always, means owning some form of appreciable assets. 
• We need models that are not dependent on forcing families to save based on their income. We are excited for passive wealth-generating strategies, whereby low and middle-income families can build wealth by living in a home, working in a job, or even by being a renter. 
• These new models create accessible opportunities for underinvested in and overlooked communities to begin to build wealth at scale. 

With these premises in mind, our framework describes a range of models and innovative approaches to build pathways for ownership, equity, wealth creation, and power- building for underinvested in and overlooked households and communities.

The ownership pyramid can be further unpacked to lay out specific strategies and examples that we’ve invested in under each category:

• Individual Financial Assets: This category is well recognized. This includes expanding individuals’ access to stocks, bonds and other financial assets.
• Home Ownership: Increased access to home ownership among lower- and middle- income families of color can have a dramatic impact in bridging the racial wealth gap.
• Employee Ownership: The majority of the low- and middle- income workforce in the U.S. is employed at small and medium businesses and there is a huge untapped opportunity to unlock employee ownership in these businesses.
• Tenant Equity and Renter Wealth: We are seeing the emergence of innovative approaches that offer renters a share of upside in multi-family properties where they rent. We call these approaches tenant equity. Given the growth of multi-family rental housing as a common asset class in the balance sheets of impact investors, we feel there is a tremendous opportunity to share some of this upside with renters.
• Community Ownership: At the bleeding-edge of solutions are approaches where we start sharing a share of prosperity and wealth generated in the entire neighborhood with people who live there and are key to the economic fabric of that community. Models that bolster community ownership include approaches like neighborhood real estate investment trusts and community investment trusts.

Emerging Solutions 

The promising list of investable opportunities continues to grow

Additional Solutions

You can find a full, consistently update list of emerging ownership solutions here at Impact Alpha. Some highlighted solutions are below.

Have a solution or learning we should add to this movement? Email us at communications@garycommunity.org